Canada has the largest Sikh population outside India, concentrated in British Columbia and Ontario.
The community dates from 1897, when Sikh soldiers passing through Canada on their way home from Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee reported on the country. Migration followed, then the disenfranchisement of 1907, then the continuous journey regulation and the Komagata Maru in 1914.
Voting rights were restored in 1947. Migration expanded after 1967 when Canada removed racial criteria from immigration.
Sikhs have served in the Canadian federal cabinet and led a federal party. At one point the Canadian cabinet contained more Sikhs than the Indian one, which was noted in both countries.
The Khalistan question has been argued out in Canadian gurdwara elections and Canadian politics for four decades and has repeatedly strained relations between the two countries.
The Surrey nagar kirtan draws several hundred thousand people and is the largest Sikh gathering outside India.
The community is concentrated in British Columbia and Ontario and is large enough that Punjabi is among the most spoken languages in the country. Its political representation is out of proportion to its share of the population.
The Komagata Maru in 1914 and the Ghadar organising in Vancouver are the beginning of the story, and the exclusion laws that produced them were not fully repealed until the 1960s.
The Air India bombing of 1985, in which 329 people were killed, is the largest mass murder in Canadian history and the investigation and the trials are still a live subject in Canadian public life.