The Rig Veda was composed in and about this region. The name it uses is Sapta Sindhu, the seven rivers, and the rivers named in it include the Sindhu, the Vitasta, Asikni, Parushni, Vipasha and Shutudri, which are the Indus, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas and Sutlej.
The Battle of the Ten Kings in the Rig Veda is fought on the Parushni, the Ravi. It is the earliest named battle in South Asian literature and it is fought in Punjab.
The Saraswati is praised in the Rig Veda as a great river. Whether that is the Ghaggar-Hakra channel and when it dried is the central dispute of Indian archaeology and it has become politically loaded.
The word Punjab itself is Persian, panj ab, five waters, and dates from the Mughal period. Before that the region was named by whoever was describing it: Sapta Sindhu, Pentapotamia to the Greeks, and other names.
The oldest literature of the subcontinent describes this landscape, and it names the rivers people here still name.
The hymns are liturgy and were never meant to be history. They were composed for fire ritual and carried orally with a precision that preserved the sound ahead of the sense, which is why the text is very old and the events inside it cannot be dated.
The Nadistuti, the hymn in praise of rivers in the tenth book, names them in order from east to west, and that ordering is the most argued over passage in the whole collection, because it puts the Sarasvati between the Yamuna and the Sutlej.
What the hymns describe is a pastoral society with chariots and cattle. Whether that society is the same as the one that left the Harappan cities is the longest running argument in Indian archaeology.