The beins and the choes

A bein is a slow spring-fed stream in the old flood plain; a choe is a fast seasonal torrent off the Shivaliks. Punjab has many of both and almost nobody outside their own districts knows their names.

The Kali Bein runs 165 kilometres through the Doaba past Sultanpur Lodhi and is the stream Guru Nanak Dev Ji is said to have entered. It was an open drain by the 1990s and was restored by volunteers under Sant Balbir Singh Seechewal from 2000.

The Chitti Bein and the Sakki Nala are the other Doaba streams. The Sirhind Choe, the Patiala ki Rao and the Ghaggar's feeders come off the Shivaliks and flood the Powadh.

The Buddha Nullah at Ludhiana was a seasonal stream and is now an effluent channel into the Sutlej.

These are the capillaries of Punjab's drainage and every one of them is either an effluent carrier, an encroached channel or a flood hazard.

The Kali Bein is the one that was fixed, by hand, by volunteers, without a project. It is the demonstration that it can be done and it has been copied on very few others.

A bein is a seasonal stream of the Doaba, running in an old river channel, and the Kali Bein and the Chitti Bein are the two named ones.

The choes are the hill torrents of the Kandi, which run only in the monsoon and carry sand and gravel out onto the fields below.

Both are drainage rather than rivers and both have been used as sewers. The Kali Bein's restoration from 2000 is the one case where that has been reversed.

What we don't know

  • A complete list of Punjab's beins and choes and their condition.

Where to check this

Named but not linked. These are real, findable documents. This project has not consulted them for this page.

  • Punjab drainage and pollution control records.
  • Accounts of the Kali Bein restoration.

This page has not yet been read through by the editor. Treat it with more caution than the rest.

How this page was written. The text is compiled from the standard published histories and reference works, not from a document held in hand. Nobody from this project has visited the place or read the archive. The list above is where a reader can go to check it, not a record of what was consulted line by line. Dates and figures are the received account. If you hold something better, write in and it will be corrected.

This is one of 76 accounts in What the Land Holds, the chapter of this site covering the rivers, the soil, the weather and what lives here.